Temporomandibular Joint Disorder

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a small but complex joint located in front of the ear where the lower jaw connects to the skull. The joint allows for complex movements essential for chewing, speaking, and facial expressions.

When this joint, or the cushioning cartilage within it, becomes damaged, it can lead to TMJ disorder (TMD). Muscles and ligaments supporting the TMJ also play a role in TMD, a condition that impacts around 1 in 10 people.

TMJ disorders can range from mild to severe. Temporomandibular joint dysfunction, a mild form, may improve with lifestyle changes, though treatment may be necessary for long-term relief. More serious conditions can involve dislocation, disc displacement, or muscle strain from jaw clenching, teeth grinding, or overuse of the chewing muscles.

External trauma, such as an injury to the jaw or face, or inflammation from conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis, can also cause TMJ issues. This can lead to painful symptoms, including:

• Jaw pain and stiffness
• Facial, neck, or even shoulder pain
• Restricted movement or difficulty opening the mouth fully
• Headaches, earaches, even tinnitus
• Clicking, popping, or grinding sounds
• Changes in how the teeth align or meet when biting

An accurate assessment of TMJ disorder is essential to develop an effective treatment plan and relieve symptoms.

Following a thorough evaluation we will guide you through the treatment options, ensuring you understand the potential benefits and recovery expectations. Surgery is often a last resort, and we typically take a conservative approach to provide maximum relief with minimal intervention. Treatment options may include:

• Lifestyle changes: Relaxation techniques, dietary adjustments, and jaw exercises.
• Behavioural adjustments: Avoiding habits like clenching, grinding, and nail-biting can reduce joint strain.
• Bite adjustments: Gentle reshaping of biting surfaces or replacing missing teeth with dental implants can improve bite balance.
• Nightguards and splints: A custom-fitted clear plastic device, worn primarily at night, can reduce grinding and relieve TMJ pressure.
• Medication: In some cases, muscle relaxants or low-dose antidepressants are prescribed to relieve pain and tension.

For more advanced cases, surgical options include:

• Minimally invasive procedures: Steroid injections, joint lavage (flushing out the joint), or minor procedures to free the cartilage disc.
• Open joint surgery: Reserved for severe cases involving bone deterioration, tumours, or significant joint damage. In rare situations, joint replacement may be considered.

You can self refer for a consultation, or alternatively ask your GP or Dentist to refer you. Mr Collin is registered with all the major Private Health Insurance providers, including Bupa, AXA, Aviva, Cigna, Allianz, WPA and Vitality Health.