When your dentist mentions a lymph node biopsy, it’s natural for your mind to start racing with questions. What exactly is a lymph node biopsy? Why do you need one, and what does the procedure involve? At The Bristol Dental Practice, we believe that understanding your health is just as important as the treatments you receive. Whether it’s to investigate a persistent swelling or check for signs of oral cancer, a lymph node biopsy can provide critical information to ensure your well-being.
In this guide, we’ll walk you through the when, why, and how of lymph node biopsies—so you can feel informed and empowered about the next steps in your care.
What is a Lymph Node?
Lymph nodes are a key part of the lymphatic system, a network of thin tubes and nodes that run throughout the body, carrying a fluid called lymph. As lymph fluid moves through the lymph nodes, they act as filters, trapping harmful substances like bacteria, viruses, and even cancer cells. Lymph nodes, also known as lymph glands, play a crucial role in helping your body fight infections and disease.
Lymph nodes are found throughout the body, but they’re typically only noticeable in certain areas, such as:
- The neck
- Under the arms (armpits)
- The groin
What is a Lymph Node Biopsy?
A lymph node biopsy involves the removal of a small sample of tissue or cells from one of your lymph nodes for further examination. The sample is then sent to a laboratory, where a specialist, known as a pathologist, analyses it under a microscope to identify any abnormalities.
Before the biopsy, an ultrasound scan is typically performed to check the lymph nodes. Ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to produce detailed images of the inside of your body. If the scan reveals any suspicious areas, the ultrasound can be used to precisely guide a needle and take a biopsy from the affected lymph node.
Why is it important?
Lymph nodes act as filters in the body’s lymphatic system and can show early signs of infection, inflammation, or even cancer. In the context of oral health, a swollen or abnormal lymph node near the mouth or jaw could indicate an issue that needs deeper investigation.
When is a Lymph Node Biopsy Recommended?
A lymph node biopsy is typically recommended when there are unusual changes in the size, shape, or feel of a lymph node. This procedure is often suggested if lymph nodes remain swollen for an extended period, especially when there is no clear cause, like an infection. It can also be necessary when other signs point to more serious conditions, such as unexplained weight loss, persistent fever, or night sweats.
In cases where there is suspicion of cancer, such as lymphoma or cancers that may have spread to the lymph nodes from other areas, a biopsy helps determine if cancerous cells are present. Additionally, it may be recommended to diagnose autoimmune diseases or chronic infections that affect the lymphatic system.
Why would a Lymph Node Biopsy be performed?
If enlarged lymph nodes don’t respond to antibiotics, especially when the swelling is painless and the skin around the area is not inflamed, a biopsy may be performed. This involves removing a sample or part of the lymph node for microscopic examination and culture tests to help determine the cause of the enlargement.
How is a Lymph Node Biopsy done?
If a lymph node biopsy is needed, it’s done with precision and care to ensure your comfort and safety. Under general anaesthesia, a small incision is made over the enlarged lymph node, which is then gently removed from the surrounding tissue. Blood vessels and lymphatic channels are carefully sealed to prevent bleeding. Once removed, the lymph node is sent to the lab for thorough testing. To minimise discomfort after the procedure, we close the incision with absorbable stitches and apply a local anaesthetic to help manage any post-surgery pain.
If the lymph node contains an abscess, we take extra steps to ensure proper healing. After draining the abscess, we send a sample of the pus for lab testing. The empty cavity is packed with gauze, which is replaced daily to promote healing from the inside out, ensuring a smooth recovery. At The Bristol Dental Practice, your health and comfort are our top priority, and we’re here to guide you through every step of the process.
What is Recovery after Lymph Node Biopsy like?
Most lymph node biopsies are done as outpatient procedures, meaning you can go home the same day. Postoperative pain is generally manageable with either prescription or over-the-counter pain relievers, and the recovery period with activity restrictions is usually brief. In some cases, patients may be prescribed antibiotics to prevent infection. If an abscess is drained during the procedure, daily wound packing will be needed for about a week, either in the clinic or at home, to ensure proper healing.
What Are The Effects of Lymph Node Removal?
The body contains hundreds of lymph nodes, so removing one typically has no negative impact on the immune system. Occasionally, the space left behind after a lymph node is removed may be filled with lymphatic fluid, which can be easily drained using a needle and syringe. This is a minor issue and usually resolves quickly, without long-term effects.
Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery at The Bristol Dental Practice
Mr John Collin, Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon
Oral and maxillofacial surgery is a specialised field that bridges medicine and dentistry, requiring advanced education, training, and years of experience in both disciplines.
At The Bristol Dental Practice, our Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Mr John Collin, is expertly qualified to perform surgical procedures for a range of conditions affecting the face, mouth, skin, and jaw. Whether you’re seeking care for medical or cosmetic reasons, John provides exceptional specialist care, guiding you through every step—from your initial consultation and diagnosis to treatment and recovery.
Conclusion
A lymph node biopsy is a valuable tool for diagnosing various health conditions, and understanding the process can help ease any concerns you may have. At The Bristol Dental Practice, we’re committed to providing expert care and ensuring that you feel informed and supported every step of the way. Whether it’s for a lymph node biopsy or any other oral health concern, your well-being is our top priority.
If you’ve noticed unusual swelling or have been advised to get a biopsy, don’t hesitate to reach out. Contact us today to schedule a consultation with our expert team and get the care and peace of mind you deserve.